The ancient Iranians had a special place for women, and
praised her as a sacred and clean creature. Persian women in each period
of history, according to the type of rule, had a special place in that period.
Women in the pre-Islamic period as an important member of society played a role
in many important issues, and sometimes even a final decision-maker.
In the following, we will examine the social status of Iranian women in pre-Islamic historical periods (Medes, Achaemenids, Parthians and Samanids):
Medes series
In Iran, before the arrival of the Aryans and together with the formation of human gatherings, the family center was the power of the tribe, and in this period the value and importance of the woman was found to be greater than that of the man because he was at the foot of the house both at home and outside the house He also worked on activities such as storing fire, making pottery, preparing and cooking food.
Achaemenids dynasty
In this period, women had a high status in the community and they were moving
freely among the people and all people respected them. In this period, for the
first time, a celebration was held in honor of the woman's position in the name
of Esfandegan”. This celebration was one of the Iranian celebrations on the
fifth day of March, marking this day as the day of the celebration of women and
the earth, because the land is a symbol of fertility that gives life to human
as a woman. Men on this day gave their women valuable gifts appreciated them.
Parthian Dynasty
After the defeat of the Achaemenids, the social status of Iranian woman changed
and went down. Because at the time of the conducts, many Greek women and girls
were living in Iran, and because in Greece the woman did not have equality with
men, it also influenced the situation of the Iranian woman. Apart from that,
many of these Greek women became mistresses of Iranian men who, in this case, castes the founders of the family. On the other hand, during Parthians or
Parthians, due to the wide extent of their territories, tribes and nations,
they lived with their special customs, which naturally the factors and changes
in the status and position of women have not been affected.
Sassanian Dynasty
The woman in the Sassanid era was not in a good position. For him, he did not
have legal personality, to the point where he was headed by the head of
household in every respect. But over time, in the legal sense of the law, many
changes have taken place for the benefit of women. Though still persistent,
this mentality was practically no longer used among the new generations, and
the new customs of their sovereignty were diminished. Among the factors that
make up the enslavement of the past and the enthusiasm of gaining independence,
is considered. The increasing prevalence of perfection was among the Sassanid
women.
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